<h2>Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems</h2>

Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems (KERS) were used for the motor sport Formula One\'s 2009 season, and under development for road vehicles. KERS was abandoned for the 2010 Formula One season, but re-introduced for the 2011 season. The Formula One Teams that used Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems in the 2009 season were Ferrari, Renault, BMW, and McLaren. One of the main reasons that not all cars use KERS is because it adds an extra 25 kilograms of weight, while not adding to the total car weight, it does incur a penalty particularly seen in the qualifying rounds, as it raises the car\'s center of gravity, and reduces the amount of ballast that is available to balance the car so that it is more predictable when turning.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference">[16]</sup> FIA rules also limit the exploitation of the system. Eventually, during the season, Renault and BMW stopped using the system. Williams is developing a flywheel-KERS system. The concept of transferring the vehicle’s kinetic energy using Flywheel energy storage was postulated by physicist Richard Feynman in the 1950s<sup style="WHITE-SPACE: nowrap" class="Template-Fact" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from May 2009">[<i>citation needed</i>]</sup> and is exemplified in complex high end systems such as the Zytek, Flybrid,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference">[17]</sup> Torotrak<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference">[18]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference">[19]</sup> and Xtrac used in F1 and simple, easily manufactured and integrated differential based systems such as the Cambridge Passenger/Commercial Vehicle Kinetic Energy Recovery System (CPC-KERS)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference">[20]</sup>

Xtrac and Flybrid are both licensees of Torotrak\'s technologies, which employ a small and sophisticated ancillary gearbox incorporating a continuously variable transmission (CVT). The CPC-KERS is similar as it also forms part of the driveline assembly. However, the whole mechanism including the flywheel sits entirely in the vehicle’s hub (looking like a drum brake). In the CPC-KERS, a differential replaces the CVT and transfers torque between the flywheel, drive wheel and road wheel.

여기보면 위에서 2009년에 F1 에 썻다는데 회생제동 에너지로 뭐하냐? F1 에서?

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